Presidential Election 2012 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Presidential Election 2012 - Essay Example 1). The 2012 party shows show that Democrats keep up the bit of leeway over the Republicans however their lead is littler than in 2008. Results from the meetings led in 2012 show that Democratic Party has 35%, and the Republican had 28% while different independents have 33%. At the point when we think about the leanings of the autonomous voters, a higher level of independents lean more on the Republican side than on the Democratic side. The ongoing Center surveys show that Americans favor the Republican stage to the Partys candidate, Mitt Romney, during the show. Concerning the Democratic show, Americans cheered to Obama’s discourse more than they were with the party’s stage. The Republican Platform affirmed during the show spoke to a correct move for the gathering. It slashed the traditionalist and made no special cases for the premature births whether or not it was deliberate or not, and offered exacting definitions on marriage (Lindemann standard. 2). Opposite, Democratic stage communicated bolster homosexuality and gave its reaffirmation for the help of premature birth rights. The democrats restrict privatization of the government managed savings while the republicans advocate for individual ventures for the youthful workers. The presidential chosen one for the Republican Party confronted analysis particularly when he communicated his absence of help to Jerusalem. Then again, the Democratic Party chosen one, President Obama, communicated the responsibility towards Israel’s security. In October fifteenth, Romney scrutinized the choice by the Democrats and named it as a disgrace (Lindemann standard. 3). Preferably, the two gatherings have various belief systems on the crucial prerequisites for both the nation and the family. Equitable stage has named the races in 2012 as just not a fight between two chosen people. They contended that it upgraded the assurance of the basics important to the government assistance of the nation while the Republicans consider the

The NEGATIVE MESSAGE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The NEGATIVE MESSAGE - Essay Example It is basic that our office makes a decent impression with the goal that the open feels that we are proficient and effective association. Our item necessitates that our customers trust us enough to accept that we will dependably safeguard their assets and lives, and not let them down. Their initial introduction of us must be acceptable and the state of our workplaces must mirror our polished skill. Regularly over the most recent couple of months, we have thought that it was important to contact your organization so errands would be done that ought to have been a piece of each day’s schedule. Incidental chaotic heaps and spills were not dealt with on six events at any rate, during the customary cleaning rounds of the teams. We at that point needed to contact your organization legitimately to have the necessary work done. We additionally to raised our interchanges and did, on two events over the most recent three months, get in touch with you legitimately. Regardless of your aff irmations that the circumstance would improve, we are as yet encountering issues.

Perspectives in Modern Psychology

Perspectives in Modern Psychology Basics Print Perspectives in Modern Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on October 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on November 27, 2019 Verywell / Emily Roberts More in Psychology Basics Psychotherapy Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming There are many different ways of thinking about human behavior. Psychologists utilize a variety of perspectives when studying how people think, feel, and behave. Some researchers focus on one specific school of thought, such as the biological perspective, while others take a more eclectic approach that incorporates multiple points of view. There is no single perspective that is better than another; each simply emphasizes different aspects of human behavior. Major Perspectives in Modern Psychology The early years of psychology were marked by the domination of a succession of different schools of thought. If you have ever taken a psychology course in school, you probably remember learning about these different schools which included structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanism. As psychology has grown, so has the number and variety of topics that psychologists investigate. Since the early 1960s, the field of psychology has flourished and continues to grow at a rapid pace, and so has the depth and breadth of subjects studied by psychologists. Today, few psychologists identify their outlook according to a particular school of thought. While you may still find some pure behaviorists or psychoanalysts, the majority of psychologists instead categorize their work according to their specialty area and perspective. Different Approaches to the Same Topic Every topic in psychology can be looked at in a number of different ways. For example, lets consider the subject of aggression. Someone who emphasizes a biological perspective would look at how the brain and nervous system impact aggressive behavior. A professional who stresses a behavioral perspective would look at how environmental variables reinforce aggressive actions. Another psychologist who utilizes a cross-cultural approach might consider how cultural and social influences contribute to aggressive or violent behaviors. Here are seven of the major perspectives in modern psychology. 1. The Psychodynamic Perspective The psychodynamic perspective originated with the work of Sigmund Freud. This view of psychology and human behavior emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, early childhood experiences, and interpersonal relationships to explain human behavior and to treat people suffering from mental illnesses. Psychoanalysis became one of the earliest major forces within psychology thanks to Freuds work and influence. Freud conceived of the mind as being composed of three key elements: the id, the ego, and the superego. The id is the part of the psyche that includes all the primal and unconscious desires. The ego is the aspect of the psyche that must deal with the demands of the real world. The superego is the last part of the psyche to develop and is tasked with managing all of our internalized morals, standards, and ideals. While the psychodynamic perspective is not as dominant today, it continues to be a useful psychotherapeutic tool.?? 2. The Behavioral Perspective Behavioral psychology is a perspective that focuses on learned behaviors. Behaviorism differs from many other perspectives because instead of emphasizing internal states, it focuses solely on observable behaviors. This approach to psychology was founded on the work of psychologists such as Edward Thorndike and John B. Watson.?? While this school of thought dominated psychology early in the twentieth century, it began to lose its hold during the 1950s. Today, the behavioral perspective is still concerned with how behaviors are learned and reinforced. Behavioral principles are often applied in mental health settings, where therapists and counselors use these techniques to explain and treat a variety of illnesses. 3. The Cognitive Perspective During the 1960s, a new perspective known as cognitive psychology began to take hold. This area of psychology focuses on mental processes such as memory, thinking, problem-solving, language, and decision-making.?? Influenced by psychologists such as Jean Piaget and Albert Bandura, this perspective has grown tremendously in recent decades. Cognitive psychologists often utilize an information-processing model, comparing the human mind to a computer, to conceptualize how information is acquired, processed, stored, and utilized. 4. The Biological Perspective The study of physiology played a major role in the development of psychology as a separate science. Today, this perspective is known as biological psychology. Sometimes referred to as biopsychology or physiological psychology, this point of view emphasizes the physical and biological bases of behavior.?? Researchers who take a biological perspective on psychology might look at how genetics influence different behaviors or how damage to specific areas of the brain influence behavior and personality. Things like the nervous system, genetics, the brain, the immune system, and the endocrine systems are just a few of the subjects that interest biological psychologists. This perspective has grown significantly over the last few decades, especially with advances in our ability to explore and understand the human brain and nervous system. Tools such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and positron emission tomography (PET) scans allow researchers to look at the brain under a variety of conditions. Scientists can now look at the effects of brain damage, drugs, and disease in ways that were simply not possible in the past. 5. The Cross-Cultural Perspective Cross-cultural psychology is a fairly new perspective that has grown significantly over the last twenty years. Psychologists and researchers in this school of thought look at human behavior across different cultures. By looking at these differences, we can learn more about how culture influences our thinking and behavior.?? For example, researchers have looked at how social behaviors differ in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. In individualistic cultures, such as the U.S., people tend to exert less effort when they are part of a group, a phenomenon known as social loafing. In collectivistic cultures such as China, however, people tend to work harder when they are part of a group. 6. The Evolutionary Perspective Evolutionary psychology is focused on the study of how evolution explains physiological processes.?? Psychologists and researchers take the basic principles of evolution, including natural selection, and apply them to psychological phenomena. This perspective suggests that these mental processes exist because they serve an evolutionary purposeâ€"they aid in survival and reproduction.??? 7. The Humanistic Perspective During the 1950s, a school of thought known as humanistic psychology emerged. Influenced greatly by the work of prominent humanists such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, this perspective emphasizes the role of motivation in thought and behavior. Concepts such as self-actualization are an essential part of this perspective. Those who take the humanist perspective focus on the ways that human beings are driven to grow, change, and develop their personal potential. Positive psychology, which focuses on helping people live happier, healthier lives, is one relatively recent movement in psychology that has its roots in the humanist perspective.?? A Word From Verywell There are many different ways to think about human thought and behavior. The variety of perspectives in modern psychology gives researchers and students tools to approach problems and helps them find new ways to explain and predict human behavior, leading to the development of new treatment approaches for problem behaviors.

Perspectives in Modern Psychology

Perspectives in Modern Psychology Basics Print Perspectives in Modern Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on October 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on November 27, 2019 Verywell / Emily Roberts More in Psychology Basics Psychotherapy Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming There are many different ways of thinking about human behavior. Psychologists utilize a variety of perspectives when studying how people think, feel, and behave. Some researchers focus on one specific school of thought, such as the biological perspective, while others take a more eclectic approach that incorporates multiple points of view. There is no single perspective that is better than another; each simply emphasizes different aspects of human behavior. Major Perspectives in Modern Psychology The early years of psychology were marked by the domination of a succession of different schools of thought. If you have ever taken a psychology course in school, you probably remember learning about these different schools which included structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanism. As psychology has grown, so has the number and variety of topics that psychologists investigate. Since the early 1960s, the field of psychology has flourished and continues to grow at a rapid pace, and so has the depth and breadth of subjects studied by psychologists. Today, few psychologists identify their outlook according to a particular school of thought. While you may still find some pure behaviorists or psychoanalysts, the majority of psychologists instead categorize their work according to their specialty area and perspective. Different Approaches to the Same Topic Every topic in psychology can be looked at in a number of different ways. For example, lets consider the subject of aggression. Someone who emphasizes a biological perspective would look at how the brain and nervous system impact aggressive behavior. A professional who stresses a behavioral perspective would look at how environmental variables reinforce aggressive actions. Another psychologist who utilizes a cross-cultural approach might consider how cultural and social influences contribute to aggressive or violent behaviors. Here are seven of the major perspectives in modern psychology. 1. The Psychodynamic Perspective The psychodynamic perspective originated with the work of Sigmund Freud. This view of psychology and human behavior emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, early childhood experiences, and interpersonal relationships to explain human behavior and to treat people suffering from mental illnesses. Psychoanalysis became one of the earliest major forces within psychology thanks to Freuds work and influence. Freud conceived of the mind as being composed of three key elements: the id, the ego, and the superego. The id is the part of the psyche that includes all the primal and unconscious desires. The ego is the aspect of the psyche that must deal with the demands of the real world. The superego is the last part of the psyche to develop and is tasked with managing all of our internalized morals, standards, and ideals. While the psychodynamic perspective is not as dominant today, it continues to be a useful psychotherapeutic tool.?? 2. The Behavioral Perspective Behavioral psychology is a perspective that focuses on learned behaviors. Behaviorism differs from many other perspectives because instead of emphasizing internal states, it focuses solely on observable behaviors. This approach to psychology was founded on the work of psychologists such as Edward Thorndike and John B. Watson.?? While this school of thought dominated psychology early in the twentieth century, it began to lose its hold during the 1950s. Today, the behavioral perspective is still concerned with how behaviors are learned and reinforced. Behavioral principles are often applied in mental health settings, where therapists and counselors use these techniques to explain and treat a variety of illnesses. 3. The Cognitive Perspective During the 1960s, a new perspective known as cognitive psychology began to take hold. This area of psychology focuses on mental processes such as memory, thinking, problem-solving, language, and decision-making.?? Influenced by psychologists such as Jean Piaget and Albert Bandura, this perspective has grown tremendously in recent decades. Cognitive psychologists often utilize an information-processing model, comparing the human mind to a computer, to conceptualize how information is acquired, processed, stored, and utilized. 4. The Biological Perspective The study of physiology played a major role in the development of psychology as a separate science. Today, this perspective is known as biological psychology. Sometimes referred to as biopsychology or physiological psychology, this point of view emphasizes the physical and biological bases of behavior.?? Researchers who take a biological perspective on psychology might look at how genetics influence different behaviors or how damage to specific areas of the brain influence behavior and personality. Things like the nervous system, genetics, the brain, the immune system, and the endocrine systems are just a few of the subjects that interest biological psychologists. This perspective has grown significantly over the last few decades, especially with advances in our ability to explore and understand the human brain and nervous system. Tools such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and positron emission tomography (PET) scans allow researchers to look at the brain under a variety of conditions. Scientists can now look at the effects of brain damage, drugs, and disease in ways that were simply not possible in the past. 5. The Cross-Cultural Perspective Cross-cultural psychology is a fairly new perspective that has grown significantly over the last twenty years. Psychologists and researchers in this school of thought look at human behavior across different cultures. By looking at these differences, we can learn more about how culture influences our thinking and behavior.?? For example, researchers have looked at how social behaviors differ in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. In individualistic cultures, such as the U.S., people tend to exert less effort when they are part of a group, a phenomenon known as social loafing. In collectivistic cultures such as China, however, people tend to work harder when they are part of a group. 6. The Evolutionary Perspective Evolutionary psychology is focused on the study of how evolution explains physiological processes.?? Psychologists and researchers take the basic principles of evolution, including natural selection, and apply them to psychological phenomena. This perspective suggests that these mental processes exist because they serve an evolutionary purposeâ€"they aid in survival and reproduction.??? 7. The Humanistic Perspective During the 1950s, a school of thought known as humanistic psychology emerged. Influenced greatly by the work of prominent humanists such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, this perspective emphasizes the role of motivation in thought and behavior. Concepts such as self-actualization are an essential part of this perspective. Those who take the humanist perspective focus on the ways that human beings are driven to grow, change, and develop their personal potential. Positive psychology, which focuses on helping people live happier, healthier lives, is one relatively recent movement in psychology that has its roots in the humanist perspective.?? A Word From Verywell There are many different ways to think about human thought and behavior. The variety of perspectives in modern psychology gives researchers and students tools to approach problems and helps them find new ways to explain and predict human behavior, leading to the development of new treatment approaches for problem behaviors.

The Use Of Facelifts And Facelift Techniques - 867 Words

Torres Valverde, Karina Facelift MDA 130 Mr. Kennedy A facelift or rhytidectomy, is a surgical procedure that improves visible signs of aging in the face and neck, such as: sagging in the middle of the face, deep crease below the lower eyelids, deep creases along the nose extending to the corner of the mouth, fat that has fallen, and loose skin and excess fatty deposits under the chin and jaw or more commonly known as a double chin. A variety of different types of facelifts and facelift techniques are performed today. Such as a mini facelift, also called a mini-lift, focuses on the jawline to restore definition lost due to diminished skin elasticity. The best candidates for mini facelifts are usually younger patients with good skin elasticity There is also neck lifting, this procedure tightens the skin of the neck. Then there is a mid facelift, it addresses the area that extends from the cheekbones to the jaw. Next there is a brow lift, also known as an upper facelift or forehead lift. It reduces wrinkles and lines in the upper third of the face. As will as a full facelift, it combines elements of lower, mid, and upper facelifts. it can restore definition to your features, reduce wrinkling and sagging skin, and rejuvenate your appearance. Likewise, two types of facelifts that are prominent brands today are Lifestyle Lift and QuickLift. The Lifestyle Lift is a type of mini lift.The QuickLift involves tightening the skin and SMAS of the jowls,Show MoreRelatedA Mini Facelift Vs. A Traditional Facelift Essay1400 Words   |  6 Pagesthe way they look, should consider having a mini facelift. Dr. Sam Gershenbaum is one of Miami Florida’s board certified, award-winning, plastic and reconstructive surgeons who frequently performs mini facelifts to address early signs of aging and restore the fresh, energetic facial expression that the majority of people lose as they age. A Mini Facelift Vs. a Traditional Facelift (Rhytidectomy) – What is the Difference? In short, a mini facelift is designed to improve an individual’s face fromRead MoreAppearance Center Of Newport Beach1596 Words   |  7 PagesCenter in all of Orange County. When you visit us, you can be sure that we have the skills and expertise required to help you achieve healthier skin with a naturally refined look. At the Appearance Center of Newport Beach, our goal is to make your facelift experience as easy and stress-free as possible. Our state-of-the-art facility is equipped with medical innovations that include advanced instrumentation, lasers, microscopic cameras and high definition flat-screen monitors for superior intraoperativeRead MoreCosmetic Surgery And Its Effects On Society1462 Words   |  6 Pages In the past few years cosmetic surgeries popularity has increased, with wanting to look a certain way, the way that the media perceives body image for women, usually they use Botox, aesthetic surgery, and a reconstructive surgery; to fix facial features and body parts after a horrible accident. However the controversy begins is, how it can be harmful to every ones body and minds. Most people do not realize the damaging side effects with what is being injected into their bodies. Botox is one ofRead Morexcdfgr Essay3311 Words   |  14 Pagesï » ¿Assignment 332 Explore Technological Developments within the hair, beauty and associated areas. Task 1- research and produce a report Micro-pigmentation from 1980 including eyebrows, eyes, lips and beauty spots Permanent makeup is a cosmeticï ¾ § technique which employs tattoosï ¾ § (permanent pigmentation of the dermis) as a means of producing designs that resemble makeupï ¾ §, such as eyelining and other permanent enhancing colors to the skinï ¾ § of the faceï ¾ §, lipsï ¾ §, and eyelidsï ¾ §. It is also used to produceRead MoreThe Case Of Xyz Electronics Company1686 Words   |  7 Pagestowards the report The purpose of this report is to understand what a big successful firm should apply and do in a well fast developed world to facelift and revamp itself over time and to overcome any situation. Strategic planning, innovation managing change are the keys most of the companies in the commercial world embrace. It is a powerful technique, and one of the most important factors to design paint a successful future path to all firms. XYZ had followed a thorough analysis of three competitiveRead MoreLouis Le Vau And Claude Perrault s Curvilinear Design For The East Facade Of The Louvre845 Words   |  4 Pagesconstructed in the early-seventeenth century, incorporated a King’s house, Queen’s house, and a handful of steeply-pitched roofed buildings to form the square for festivities. Constructed of stucco and brick, this culmination of buildings brought forth a facelift to the inner city that was devised by King Henry IV. Concurrent to Louis Le Vau success in the seventeenth century, many other architects and designers aided in the forming of the French classical style. Personal Bias on Louis Le Vau’s Ideology AcceptanceRead More Contact Essay945 Words   |  4 Pagesradio telescopes. Much of Contacts scientific intrigue, based on Carl Sagans 1985 bestseller, unfolds at two National Science Foundation-supported radio astronomy facilities where real-life astronomical mysteries continue to be probed. Scientists use the government-supported telescopes to detect radio waves not from distant civilizations but from planets, stars, galaxies and other objects in space. Radio observations extend astronomers reach into space and time, letting them quot;seequot; throughRead MoreCosmetic Plastic Surgery Is Beyond Physical For Many Patients1947 Words   |  8 Pagesinstance, Indian physician, Sushruta, who wrote the encyclopedia Sanskrit, provided instructions on performing procedures such as an earlobe or nose reconstruction using a skin graft from a cheek or forehead (DocShop, 2015). Reconstructive surgery techniques continued to improve, many great advances in medicine were made by the Romans and the Greek. Roman medical writer, Aulus Cornelius, wrote about reconstruction of the ears, lips, and noses; much like the Indians. Facial reconstruction surgery continuedRead MoreEssay on Huxleys Brave New World1362 Words   |  6 Pagesthan that. Technology has come a long way, and has given a lot of simplicity to one’s life. However, it comforted society so much that society started to depend on it too much. By depending on it too much, society allowed technology to replace the use of one’s mind. In Brave New World, Huxley predicts what is happening in today’s world and what will continue happening in the near future. In Huxley’s world, everything is based on technology and the people that live there are pretty much dehumanizedRead MoreInternal Analysis : External Analysis3595 Words   |  15 PagesPorters Five Forces, the market has a lot of room to grow and it will do so. There is plenty of competition, yet the barrier to entry is low and the industry is still within the realms of developing a â€Å"dominant design† for general practitioners to use that could control the market in the future. According to IBIS World, the barriers to entry are medium and the most challenging barriers are government regulations, competition, and technological change. â€Å"Everybody is looking for no down time, limited

Ethical Leadership Warren Buffett - 1567 Words

Ethical Leader Warren Buffett is an Ethical Leader because he was able to use the Three P’s (Principle, Purpose, and People) as his guiding ethical principles for running the day to day operations of the company. According to the Ethical Leadership student guide, the Three P’s are a guide for the way we should think; principle for integrity and telling the truth, purpose for developing a sustained passion for accomplishing the mission, and people referring to each member working together as a team to reach common goals (VL04, Ethical Leadership, 2016). According to Arthur Schwartz in bizjournal.com his business philosophy has to do with a set of core values, the first of which is integrity and in 1991, Warren Buffet wrote a simple†¦show more content†¦He wanted everyone to be reassured that it was okay to lose money but doing anything unethical that tarnished the company’s reputation was not okay. Just because everyone else is doing it, referring to u nethical business decisions, doesn’t make it a good business decision (Nicholas, 2011). Now that I’ve shown you why he is an Ethical Leader, let me explain my personal relevance. Personal Relevance Like Warren Buffett, I use Idealized Influence to be a role model for my Airmen. For example, when I was at my last base, even though I was a Master Sergeant, I got certified on everything my Airmen were certified on. The only way I would have any credibility is if I walked the walk so I would be the first to load at the beginning of every month and during inspections. They used to tell say I was the model and they were the mirror, it was humbling. During the biggest inspection in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Commander of the evaluation team said it had been the best evaluation he had ever seen. I was proud my Airmen did so well. I’ve learned Inspirational Motivation is something I lack. 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They have the ability to stand up rigidly on their principles by pulling the fruit of triumph at every step. Showcasing them as a leader hence forth becomes a priority. Their followers are overwhelmed and have multiple reasons to follow them. One of such business leaders of this century is Mr. Warren Buffett. Warren Buffett has been a versatileRead MoreLeadership Competencies And Leadership Skills1477 Words   |  6 Pagesguiding initiatives and employees is defined as Leadership skills. Valuable leadership skills include taking thoughtful decisions, allocation of resources, and the ability to delegate, inspire and communicate effectively. Other leadership traits include honesty, confidence, commitment and creativity. Leadership competencies can be used to effectively select, develop and promote leaders in an organization .The difference between Leadership Skill and leadership competency can explained as the required levelRead MoreThe Background And Organizational Framework Of Berkshire Hathaway1850 Words   |  8 Pagesits company except for a few women. Top Leadership and Commitment or Lack of Commitment to Diversity According to Berkowitz (2013), Warren Buffett, owner of the Berkshire Hathaway conglomerate, wrote an essay stating that helping women do well in the workplace was not only the ethical thing to do, but it was also in man’s self-interest. So, it would seem that Warren Buffett is pro diversity in the workplace especially when it comes to women. Mr. Buffett wrote this essay as a call to all men andRead MoreBill Melinda Gates Case Study Essay807 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States program, and a smaller charitable support initiative sector. 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Having integrity means you are true to yourself and would doRead MoreWilliam Henry ( Bill ) Gates833 Words   |  4 Pagesresulting from Microsoft with the world. One of the humanitarian actions, for example the first round of capitalization, $1 billion, to Gates Millennium Scholars, so that 20,000 young people afford to attend college over the next two decades. The ethical dilemma is how to disperse the wealth in the best methods for the greater good. Bill and Melinda Gates are pursuing a virtuous, joyful way of life. (Ciulla, J. (2003). The key points are those avenues Bill and Melinda Gates will pursue to share theirRead MorePfizer And Developing Country Access For Essential Medicines2117 Words   |  9 Pagescompanies were making profits at the expense of vulnerable people and keeping the costs high due to lengthy rights of patents thus making the product out of reach of needy ones. GlaxoSmithKline(GSK) took an initiative by assuming a global RD and market leadership in drugs used to cure these diseases i.e; HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria in least developed countries (LDC s). The chief executive team believed that GSK s approach to access of drugs to needy people could have significant strategic, commercialRead MoreEthical Companies12021 Words   |  49 Pages2011 World’s Most Ethical Companies The Ethisphere Institute, a leading international think-tank dedicated to the creation, advancement and sharing of best practices in business ethics, corporate social responsibility, anti-corruption and sustainability, announced the official unveiling of the 2011 World’s Most Ethical Companies. This year’s honorees have gone above and beyond to prove business ethics are paramount to the success of a company’s brand and bottom line. In its fifth year, the World’sRead MoreCorporate Ethics3168 Words   |  13 PagesKristi Sims SGT, Inc Turnitin Originality Score: 8% Ethics and ethical standards are very important to an organization’s way of life. If something goes wrong and its standards are broken, it can be very detrimental to the company’s reputation among investors, customers, employees, and competitors. It is the duties of management to make sure an organization’s ethical standards are being met and that the reputation of the organization is preserved. The case

Essay on Converting from Icd 9 to Icd 10 - 1019 Words

Converting from ICD 9 to ICD 10 Kaplan University Unit 9 Final Project CM107 Converting from ICD 9 to ICD10 I. Introduction a. Why converting to ICD 10 is important b. What do we need to do to prepare for the transition? II. ICD 10 will affect a lot of people a. It affects providers when diagnosing a patient b. It affects the coders by having to learn a new system III. What you can do to ease the transition a. Upgrade electronic medical record systems b. Upgrade practice management systems c. Update encounter form with most used codes IV. Conclusion a. It is important to make the transition because The International Classification†¦show more content†¦We also need to have our systems upgraded with the correct software. Staff must be aware that the old and new ICD will have to co-exist while the system is reengineered. We must review all of our processes, systems, and reports to find out where icd-9 codes are presently being used. That will make sure that no one is left out once the upgrade takes effect. The transition to ICD-10 gives us an opportunity to focus on our processes. This may also help to ease the transition to ICD-10. The change to the new system will affect many staff members in our clinic. Physicians should find it easier to diagnose patients since this coding set is more specific than the previous one. For instance when previously diagnosing asthma you had 2 choices, intrinsic and extrinsic. With this new set of codes the provider can choose from mild intermittent, mild persistent, and moderate persistent just to name a few. There is a broade r range for the providers to select which will make it easier on them. Since there will be more documentation, providers will have to ensure they keep up so as not to get behind. The coders will have to learn 5 times as many sets of codes. They will also have to be re-certified to use ICD10 (AHIMA 03). WeShow MoreRelatedIts The Crunch Time2013 Words   |  9 Pagesuntil the official launch date of ICD-10, there are still many providers who find themselves unsure of what the change means and how exactly to prepare for it. As with any perceived battle or crisis looming, knowledge and some strategic planning can help physicians come out on top and unscathed. Use this crunch time guide to learn what ICD-10 is exactly, why it’s happening now, and how you can successfully switch diagnostic code sets come October 1st. What is ICD-10? Before we move on to what youRead MoreImproving The Organizational Structure Of A Job Redesign816 Words   |  4 Pagesjob redesign or also known as job enrichment. The following questions are answered below. How are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? For the HIS Department, the goal is job redesign, in order to comply with the high demand of converting paper charts to electronic records. 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Human Resource Management Planning and Reproduction

Question: Describe about the Human Resource Management for Planning and Reproduction. Answer: Introduction According to OLoughlin Griffith (2013), reflective writing is a kind of writing which helps a person analyze the past events of life and take lessons from those events so that they can be helpful in the future. Reflective writing does not only mean to put the past events in writing, but reflective writing is lot more meaningful than that. As per Charon Hermann (2012), writing descriptions about the past events does not fulfill the demand of reflective writing if they are not critically analyzed. Critical analysis of past problems provide clear picture of what is needed to be done in future to avoid those problems. Thus, there is a lot of importance of reflective writing in a persons life (Kurunsaari, Tynjl Piirainen, 2015). The main aim of this report is to create a link between reflective writing and one of my past life events. For this report, I have chosen one of my past life events and have expressed my reflections about that event. The Event I am going to share one of my most important events of my life. This event has helped me in many ways. I am a student of management. I have completed my Masters in Business Administration (MBA) couple of years ago. However the journey of completing my MBA was not an easy one. I have faced a lot of difficulties at that time from different sides. One of the difficulties was the sanction of my education loan. My family was facing some financial crisis at that time and I had to go for education loan to study MBA. The problem was that the sanction of that loan is a very complicated process. My college referred my name to the bank for my education loan, but still I had to face some major problems at that time. As education loan does not need any guarantee, my father was the second applicant of my loan. Some documents were needed of my father and mine at the time of the sanction of the loan which included the trade license of my fathers business; but due to some reasons, the trade license w as not available that time. Thus, as a substitution, we had been asked to provide an income certificate of my father from Sub Division Officer (SDO). The Experience That time was the hardest time of my life. There were many reasons that made me the most frustrated person in the world. The sanction of the loan was not the only problem, there were many incidents were going on in my life. The session was already started and I had to commence my classes. The main problem was with my fathers income certificate from the SDO. It was a lengthy as well as complicated process to obtain the certificate from the SDO. One cannot directly go to the SDO for the certificate. There was a hierarchy. One must obtain an income certificate from the local councilor. After that, that certificate has to present to the chairman of the municipality to get another certificate. Then the certificate from the chairman needs to present to the Chief Officer of the Municipality and after examining that, the Chief Officer issues another certificate. This final certificate needs to be presented to the SDO and after examining that, he will issue the final income certificate. I had to go to various government offices and banks for this purposes. As I stated earlier that my MBA classes were already started, I had to miss a lot of classes to get the income certificate. Eventually, this total process was hampering my study as well. At that time, I went to a lot of people for support and help, but what is get is rejection. That means they refused to help me on that particular problem (Ryan Ryan, 2013). My Thoughts and Feelings All those incidents made me very much de-motivated at that time. Doing MBA has been the greatest dream of my life. After completing my graduation, I was very much eager to do the post graduate in business administration. My dream of doing MBA was at stake while I was facing all those difficulties. I did not know exactly what needs to be done to get those problems resolved (Zipf, 2016). I was frustrated as well as tremendously de-motivated. I was facing failure so many times that I have never faced before. I used to think about these matters all time and it made me detached from all my relatives and friends. At one point, I had considered that I would not be able to complete my MBA due to not sanction of my education loan as we did not had the financial power to complete my MBA without the support of anyone. I had tried other ways so that the loan can be sanctioned without the income certificate from the SDO, but all went in vain as there was no replacement and substitute of that docu ment. At that time my father came to the rescue. Then he took all the maters in his hand and resolved all the issues. My father is not a rich man, but what he has is the tremendous will power. He always says me to believe in myself and keep faith on God. He also faced a lot of difficulties, but he never gave up. As a result, he actually did it and obtained the income certificate from the SDO. His never die attitude made the whole thing possible. My Reflections Standing today, I can see the clear picture of the past that what I did in the past about that event. This particular event of my life has taught me a lot of lessons. In this section, I am trying to connect my learning with my life. One of my natures used to be that I gave up easily. Whenever I faced any problem, I got panicked easily before. This is the reason I had to face a lot of difficulties at that moment (Wood, 2013). I needed to think the problem calmly and should arrange the routine accordingly so that I do not have to miss any classes. I could not do it because I was scared of losing my dream and that fear made me frustrated and unorganized. Another aspect was lack of confidence. I have learnt from my father that confidence is a crucial factor in success (Molina, 2013). My father was always confident to resolve that problems, but I was not. This is the reason that I had to face failures in that issue. However, we all know that failure is the key to success. I have learnt a lot from that particular event. It has changed the way I used to look at the world. First of all, I have learnt from my father that confidence and self-believe is an important factor which a person must have to become successful (Cho y Oo, 2012). It is very essential to be calm at the time of any crisis. The situation become nasty if one fails to stay calm at the crisis time. Every problem has a solution and one needs to think calmly to get the solution. This particular problem has taught me to face every problem in life. There will be more problems if someone runs away from the problems instead of facing them. These lessons have been helping me in every aspect of my life. I have recognized some hindsight while I was in the problem situation. There is always someone to help you or show you the right way to accomplish a job (Moon, 2013). My father is the one. I should have consulted with him earlier. Then I did not have to face those difficulties. On the other hand, there were some people who could show me the easiest way to solve the issue. Thus, whenever I face any problem, I try to find out the people who can be real help to me. The most important lesson is that every problem has solution as problems are ther e to be solved. We need to find out the solution of the problems rather being scared of them (Berger, 2016). Conclusion Life is all about ups and downs. A life without difficulties is not a life. Even the heartbeat of a person shows ups and downs; the line becomes straight means the death of a person. What I have discussed above, is the toughest phase of my life so far. I have overcome that situation with the help of my father. He is the idol of my life. He has taught me to face every difficulties of my life. I have realized that the greatest reward comes from those jobs which we fear the most. The lessons are not only for the same kind of situation, but I have learnt to apply those lessons in different aspects of the life. Today when I think about that situation, I feel positive that I have learnt a lot from that event. These lessons will help me in the future in different ways. Thus, from the whole essay, it can be concluded that difficulties make a person more perfect and make them the ability to face any situation in life. References Berger, A. (2016). Personal reflections on the menopause journey.Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care,42(3), 225-225. Charon, R., Hermann, M. N. (2012). A sense of story, or why teach reflective writing?.Academic medicine: journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges,87(1), 5. Choy, S. C., Oo, P. S. (2012). Reflective Thinking and Teaching Practices: A Precursor for Incorporating Critical Thinking into the Classroom?.Online Submission,5(1), 167-182. Kurunsaari, M., Tynjl, P., Piirainen, A. (2015). Students Experiences of Reflective Writing as a Tool for Learning in Physiotherapy Education. InWriting for Professional Development(pp. 129-151). Brill. Molina, L. M. (2013). The Relevance of Difference: Personal Reflections on the Role of Diversity. Moon, J. A. (2013).Reflection in learning and professional development: Theory and practice. Routledge. OLoughlin, V. D., Griffith, L. M. (2013). Reflective writing highlights improved student metacognition in an upper level undergraduate anatomy course.The FASEB Journal,27(1 Supplement), 957-1. Ryan, M., Ryan, M. (2013). Theorising a model for teaching and assessing reflective learning in higher education.Higher Education Research Development,32(2), 244-257. Wood, M. (2013). Some personal reflections on change... The past and future of cartography.The Cartographic Journal. Zipf, G. K. (2016).Human behavior and the principle of least effort: An introduction to human ecology. Ravenio Books.

Gambling, To Bet Money On The Outcome Of A Game, Contest, Or Other Eve

Gambling, to bet money on the outcome of a game, contest, or other event. To take a risk in the hope of gaining an advantage; speculate. Gambling has many advantages as well as disadvantages. Children will be neglected and crime rates will increase. Nevertheless, aid in cutting the island's budget deficit and dropping the unemployment rate are just some of the examples that we can benefit from gambling. Should Casino gambling be legalized? That is the question that the people are pondering. There are many important reasons for opposing gambling because of its severe social consequences which ravage society. Gambling can get addictive and hurt people financially, emotionally, and yes, even physically. People will gamble away everything they have and everything they can get their hands on. When addicted gamblers no longer have money, they would do anything and everything they could to get money so they could continue gambling. Selling their cars, betting their houses and in history when gamblers did not have possessions or properties, they would even bet their wives. Gambling may also increase the crime rate, which would be another expense for the government. The sour truth does not end here. Gamblers would neglect their children, leaving them at home starving without an adult attending to them. In the tenth commandment, God condemns the desire for that which belongs to another person, whether people or things. Jesus asked, "For what is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?"? Gamblers are people who are not content with what they have and who are determined to get what they do not have. The greatest tragedy is that those who gamble are often trying to get the money that belonged to those who could least afford to lose it. Whatever someone wins through gambling is won at the 2 cost of someone else's loss. Any advancement that takes place at the expense of another is wrong. Every time a gambler reads about someone that has killed himself because of gambling losses, or that a family has been destroyed because of gambling losses, that gambler should understand that he participated in that tragedy, and that any money he has won through gambling may very well have been money lost by that person whose life became a terrible tragedy. Looking at gambling at a different perspective. Everybody knows by now that our government's budget is like a "waterloo." The only thing flourishing is our unemployment rate, that's bursting off the charts. Many unemployed citizens can't even afford to eat, therefore, they seek aid through our government via food stamps. Our tourism has diminished. With an expected increase in the population by the year 2000, the government might want to legalize gambling. This would increase our tourism, drop the unemployment rate, and decrease the government's budget deficit. After conducting a few interviews with tourists, my numbers showed that legalizing gambling would increase our tourism industry. Three out of every five tourists interviewed would love to engage in gambling while on vacation. The government may also use gambling as another means of income. The government could lay a high gaming tax. Legalizing gambling would give many job opportunities for the citizens, therefore, lowering the unemployment rate. In lowering the unemployment rate citizens will not need financial aid from the government for food, thus decreasing food stamp recipients. Gambling could also decrease the crime rate. With the revenue that the government can attain from this gaming phenomenon, we will be able to afford? recruiting more police officers. Legalizing gambling can help revitalize our state

10 Groundhog Day Quotes to Remind You Spring Is Near

10 Groundhog Day Quotes to Remind You Spring Is Near It may seem far-fetched to those who live closer to the equator. But for people closer to the poles, Groundhog Day marks the arrival of spring and the end of winter. Revere the little furry creature that is likely to make an accurate prognosis of the arrival of spring this Groundhog Day. Read these Groundhog Day quotes to celebrate the season of joy. W. J. VogelTo shorten winter, borrow some money due in spring.​Clyde MooreTheres one good thing about snow, it makes your lawn look as nice as your neighbors.​Kin HubbardDont knock the weather; nine-tenths of the people couldnt start a conversation if it didnt change once in a while.William Camden,  Remains, 1605One swallow maketh not summer; nor one woodcock a winter.​Anthony J. DAngelo, The College Blue BookWherever you go, no matter what the weather, always bring your own sunshine.Bill VaughnThe groundhog is like most other prophets; it delivers its prediction and then disappears.​Patrick YoungThe trouble with weather forecasting is that its right too often for us to ignore it and wrong too often for us to rely on it.​Phil ConnorsThis is one time where television really fails to capture the true excitement of a large squirrel predicting the weather.​George SantayanaTo be interested in the changing seasons is a happier state of mind than to be hopelessly in love with spring.​George HerbertEvery mile is two in winter.

The Nineteenth Century America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Nineteenth Century America - Essay Example In the year 1819 the Transcontinental Treaty proposed by the then American President John Quincy Adams was signed by the United States and Spain. This treaty reinforced the American belief of territorial expansion. The desire to spread towards the west increased when John Jacob Astor expanded his fur trade company to the Pacific Northwest. With trade expansions the legendary â€Å"mountain men† became popular as they were financially facilitated by the fur trade companies to move to other countries in search of profit. During the 1830s and 1840s the Americans expanded their territory westward towards the Pacific Ocean. Besides economic there were other reasons like avoiding religious persecution. Their attempt to establish American ideals into areas that fell into the boundaries of Mexico or Great Britain created diplomatic crisis. The phrase Manifest Destiny was coined in 1845. It manifested the American belief that God has given them the right to expand their territories bec ause of their growing population. The largest acquisition took place in 1803 when America acquired Louisiana territory for $15 million. With this America got control over Mississippi River and the size of the nation became double. America was greatly affected by the era of expansion. The territorial expansions resulted in dividing the nation by causing diplomatic crisis, war and internal conflicts. The economic expansion that took place internally increased class differences and America began to be recognised as a â€Å"land of opportunity and upward mobility† (Divine et.al, ch.8, 9, 13). II.Transportation Revolution During the first half of nineteenth century America experienced a growth in market economy. This was helped by development in the transportation sector which created an economic link between different parts of the nation and strengthened the national economy. It was the era of expansion in America when the nation expanded its territory towards the West. Most of the land in the east of Mississippi river became marketing centers to fulfill the needs of the farmers. There was a growing awareness among the political leaders regarding the need of connecting these distant areas with the rest of the nation through a well developed transport system. The initial focus was on developing the road network by building new highways and improving the older roads. Overland toll roads or turnpikes could not provide cheap transportation to cover long distances during bad weather because of their poor conditions. More economically efficient was the water transport. Many canals were constructed to estab lish links between the rivers Ohio and Mississippi as canals were cheaper to transport heavy agricultural goods than on poorly maintained roads and highways. The most important canal, the Erie Canal, was constructed in 1825. This canal helped in extending the commercial market to New York and this led to economic development in the region. There were also other improvements made on water transport. Steamboats became popular after they were invented in 1807 by Robert Fulton. (Divine et.al, ch.9) The growth of railroads in the 1840s and the 1850s reduced the importance of canals as primary means of freight transport. The expansion of the railroads helped the iron industry of America. It also facilitated financing of business sectors and paved the way for governments to provide land grants (Divine et.al, ch.13). III. Jackson presidential administrations During the 1820s and 1830s the concept of â€Å"self-made man† was celebrated in the political culture. It promoted the idea th at leaders of the

Health Reforms in the U.S. and UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Health Reforms in the U.S. and UK - Essay Example The countries’ governments have indeed stated that the marginalised group of the society lacks proper healthcare due to the prevailing economic incapacities. Therefore, the governments feel the need to consider all citizens in offering healthcare services despite their societal status, races, demographic variability and economic variations. As a result, implementation of healthcare reforms in these countries has been given first priority (Weisfield, English & Claiborne 2012, p. 54). The aspects established in the reforms include cost reductions, quality enhancement criteria, patient satisfaction, stimulating ideal information technology approaches and improving overall service delivery in the health sector. Access to Health Care Individuals are entitled to efficient and effective healthcare services. In this case, the US advocates access to insurance cover that will cater for health-related issues. According to Tudor, the government ascertains that the reforms will further sec ure and ease the risk of loss for those with health insurance policies. On the contrary, the UK government advocates fair access to health services through the reforms. This emphasises the stringent measures over the health services delivered by private and public proprietors (Great Britain 2012, p. 78). The United Kingdom further advocates that proper health care systems will put patients into consideration, and to that extent, they will have the rights to express the types of services they seek. Most importantly, the UK reforms target to reshape and restructure the health system by approaching all societal groupings equally. In essence, the country understands the importance of all citizens and upholds their health as being significant to economic propulsion. The reforms consider improving the rate at which people gain access to health by allocating funds to the clinical commissioning groups and the founding of Public Health England. The bodies serve in intensifying health provisi on throughout the UK, thus reaching people in all dimensions nationwide. This aspect contrasts with the United States reforms, which imply that individuals ought to access insurance cover to stand viable to health services. On the other hand, the US government depicts that most of its citizens lack prompt access to health services due to high costs as compared to other nations. The reforms shall implement guaranteed access to the best health care among all citizens, thus enhancing social welfare. Through the reforms, the governments will subsidise the cost of insurance, hence making the policy cheaper and accessible by the marginalised group of the society (Truglio-Londrigan & Lewenson 2011, p. 49). An analytical approach portrayed that the US nation spends much on medical care but denies the citizens access because of the cost constraints. Therefore, suppressing the costs will propel health care throughout the nation. On the contrary, the UK government offers free health care throu ghout the nations, but inhibitions prevail over immigrants, and the time factor also matters since health facilities do not offer prompt services (Great Britain 2012, p. 79). Therefore, the UK reforms contrast with those of the US in accessibility to the extent that while one seeks to surpass costs, the other wishes to improve prompt delivery to all citizens despite their region and ethnicity. Health Quality Criteria A survey conducted upon the uninsured and insured patients inclusive of those

Interventions for Smoking Cessation

Interventions for Smoking Cessation Introduction Health literacy is the â€Å"capacity to obtain, communicate, process, and understand basic health information and services to make appropriate health decisions† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Smoking is a common addictive behavior and is bad for health status in many ways. According to World Health Organization (2014) tobacco kills nearly six million people per year. Therefore, it is important to promote people’s health literacy of smoking through effective intervention to improve health condition. Brief intervention is an effective method to deliver suitable information and increase the motivation of clients to change the substance use (Substance abuse and mental health service, 2014). Nurses can make good use of brief intervention to improve the health literacy among clients with resultant better health outcomes. This essay will firstly describe the potential health impacts of smoking on individual in Australia and globally. Secondly, it will use a case to analyze the smoking through stage of change model and discuss three approaches to change the behavior. Thirdly, it will choose the most sustainable strategy to provide health literacy to the client. Lastly, I will discuss how changing a singles person’s behavior can contribute to global health. Overview of smoking Cigarette contains more than 7,000 chemical substances and most of them are harmful to our body. Once inhaled into the lung, these chemical compounds will be carried to all the tissues of our body through blood (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Smoking will impair the normal growth and function of the cells and result in cancer tumor growth. Research showed that smoking can cause many kinds of cancers in our body such as larynx, lung, mouth, nose, and throat cancer (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2010). For the cardiovascular system, smoking will damage our blood vessels with plaque formation and produce thicker vessel walls and narrower lumen. Therefore, smoking is a major risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2010). Smoking also causes damage to the respiratory system, especially the airway and alveoli. The research showed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease including emphysema and ch ronic bronchitis are most commonly related to smoking. In addition, smoking will also affect the fertility and immune system and increase the chance to have type 2 diabetes (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Last but not least, secondhand smoke causes adverse effects such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases to the peers, family and community. In conclusion, smoking might impact the whole body and result in serious health problem. According to World Health Organization (2014), smoking is related to more than 6 million people’s death; 5 million die directly due to tobacco use and 600,000 people die from exposure to secondhand smoke. In Australia, around 3.1 million people (19.5%) are current smokers aged over 18 years old and among them 20.4% male and 16.3% female are daily smokers (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011). Smoking was responsible for 20% of cancer death in Australia and around 45,000 hospitalisations in New South Wales were related to smoking (Cancer Council NSW, 2013). In addition, nearly 600,000 people (3.6%) reported at risk of having heart disease and other chronic conditions due to using tobacco products (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2013). Smoking is a common unhealthy behavior not only in Australia but all over the world and contributes to many diseases and death. Incident of smoking Mr. C is a 55 year old man who comes from Taiwan and works as an accountant in a computer company. He had a history of smoking around 30 years since graduated from senior high school. He usually smokes 10-12 cigarettes a day. Mr. C has the medical history of type 2 diabetes. He believes that smoking can help him release the stress and anxiety. He really enjoys the moment of smoking and states that smoking can stimulate thinking. However, Mr. C developed productive cough recently and had shortness of breath when climbing the stairs. He went to see a general practitioner and the physician informed him that the productive cough and shortness of breath are related to smoking. Therefore, the general practitioner gave Mr. C a handbook about the information of smoking and suggested him to quit smoking. After seeing the general practitioner, Mr. C read through the handbook and tried to search the internet for relevant information. He also discussed with his family and all of his family suppo rted him to quit smoking. Mr. C hesitated about stopping smoking. Because he thought that smoking was a good method for him to relieve the stress and serve as a social skill to maintain the relationship with friends and colleagues. In addition, he also considers that to quit smoking will be a long process and takes a lot of time to give up smoking and will incur a lot of physical discomfort. Mr. C is now feeling ambivalent about quitting smoking but he wants the symptoms such as productive cough and shortness of breath to go away. Therefore, he still considers smoking to be an enjoyable hobbit and cannot really give up smoking. Stage of change model Stage of change model (Transtheoretical model) is a theory of behavior change which was developed by Prochaska and DiClemente. It contains 5 stages of changes: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance (Australia government Department of health, 2004; Prochaska, DiClemente Norcross, 1992, p. 1103). Stage of change model is a good method to assess the readiness of clients to change the additive behavior such as smoking (Mallin, 2002, p. 1107). According to Prochaska, DiClemente and Norcross (1992, p.1103), contemplation is the stage that clients are aware the adverse effects due to the behavior and consider to change, however have not determined to establish a plan of action. In this incident, Mr. C has some physical discomfort such as productive cough and shortness of breath during the activity. Therefore, Mr. C went to a general practitioner for the assessment and found out that smoking was the root cause of the symptoms. Mr. C started to search the infor mation about smoking and also discussed with his family. However, Mr. C did not make a promise to quit smoking. Due to these features, Mr. C is at the stage of contemplation. Another concept of the contemplation stage is that patient is ambivalent about the advantage and disadvantage of the behavior (Prochaska, DiClemente Norcross, 1992, p. 1103). The client realizes the behavior will be harmful to the health condition but still considers the behavior to be with value (Australia government Department of health, 2004). In this case, Mr. C states that smoking is a good method for him to relieve the stress and a social tool to maintain the relationship with friends and colleagues. He did not want to give up this 30 years hobbit. However, Mr. C also wanted to improve the symptoms. Mr. C is hesitated in making the decision to quit smoking. Therefore, it is obvious that Mr. C is at the stage of contemplation. Multiple approaches to change smoking Motivational interviewing is a counseling technique which can assist clients to increase the motivation to change the addictive behavior (Miller, 2010, p. 247; Ridner, Cloud, Ostapchuk, Myers, Jorayeva Ling, 2014, p. 314). Clients can be explored and their ambivalence could be resolved about quitting smoking through motivational interviewing (Lai, Cahill, Qin Tang, 2010). The four principles of motivational interviewing are expression of empathy, develop discrepancy, roll with resistance and support self-efficacy (Miller, 2010, p. 248). During the motivational interviewing, nurses can understand the ambivalent feelings of the clients, the difficulties of changing and discuss the advantage and disadvantage of quitting smoking with clients. In addition, it might enhance the client’s desire to change. Nurses might use the reflective listening, open-ended questions, affirmation and summarization techniques to understand the clients’ position and have good communication (M iller, 2010, p. 249; New South Wales Department of Health, 2005). A research (Ridner, Cloud, Myers, Jorayeva Ling, 2014) found out that after the motivational interviewing, the patients smoked less cigarettes, had a higher score of self-efficacy and lower nicotine dependence. Soria, Legido, Escolano, Lopez Yeste and Montoya (2006) pointed out that motivational interviewing group has higher success rate compared to anti-smoking advice group. In addition, the article also showed that motivational interviewing could help clients move to the next stage of change model. The above evidence showed that motivational interviewing is an effective brief intervention to increase the motivation of clients to seek the health information of smoking and its treatment, and therefore, increase the willingness of quitting. 5As (ask, assess, advice, assist and arrange) is a brief intervention to increase the motivation of the patient with addictive behavior (DiClemente, Delahanty, Kofeldt, Dixon, Goldberg Lucksted, 2011, p. 261). The first step is to ask the client’s smoking behavior and obtain the basic information about the client. Secondly, the readiness and motivation of clients to quit smoking will be assessed. In this step, stages of change model is a good tool to assess the motivation of client. Then, nurses can deliver the advice to the clients about the pros and cons of health on smoking followed by provision of the effective tips for clients to quit smoking. Fourthly, assist the clients to increase the motivation about quitting smoking and encourage patient to quit smoking. Lastly, the nurses should arrange the follow-up program to provide further support (Dawson, Noller Skinner, 2013, p. 132; Scanlon, 2006, p. 25 26). A study conducted 5As intervention at the mental health community center to the patients with smoking behavior in the community. They found following the implementation of 5As, the rate of tobacco use decreased and more people quit smoking (Dixon et al., 2009). Therefore, 5As is an effective brief intervention to assist clients to quit smoking through enhancing their motivations and providing necessary support. Nurses are the most important health education provider, who delivers education to the clients. The research showed that good health education program can increase the smoking caseation rate. Health education can provide the impacts on health and lead to the change the attitude of using cigarette (Salaudeen, Musa, Akande Bolarinwa, 2011, p. 217). Internet is a very useful tool to enhance the effectiveness of health education and promotion. According to Dijk, Nooijer, Heinrich and Vries (2007, p. 122), they found out that the knowledge of tobacco cessation will be delivered better through the internet to the clients. The internet is the preferred education method of adolescents and teenagers. The interviewer indicated that the web site contains the colorful pictures and interesting animation which will increase the motivation to learn and understand information of quitting smoking and also stimulate the client to take action. Therefore, the health education delivery through the inter net is a good intervention to spread the health information and increase the health literacy of the clients. The sustainable strategy to the incident In this incident, motivational interviewing is the most sustainable brief intervention for Mr. C to improve health literacy and result in quitting smoking. Mr. C had noticed that he has some symptoms such as shortness of breath and productive cough which impact his health condition. However, he is still considering the benefits that he gets from smoking including relieve the stress and anxiety and the social tool to maintain the relationship with peers and collogues. He is ambivalence about take action to change. Therefore, nurses can use motivational interviewing to assist client to evaluate the pons and cons of quitting smoking. Encourage patient to express his idea and identify the barrier of quitting smoking. In addition, nurses can assist the client to resolve the ambivalence and difficulties which lead to higher motivation to quit smoking. In this stage, there is no apparent health problem on Mr. C, therefore, he did not seriously consider that quitting smoking is an urgent matter for him. During the motivational interviewing, the nurses can provide adverse effects on health to the patient and assist patient to image the healthier future without smoking. Thus, he may seek the related information actively. Motivational interviewing may enhance the client’s motivation to obtain the health information and make the correct decision. Therefore, motivational interviewing is an effective brief intervention which can increase the health literacy and more willing to quit smoking. Global Health Dijk, Nooijer, Heinrich and Vries (2007, p. 115) indicated that the clients have smoking behavior will easily influence others’ attitude of smoking. The smoking cessation rate is higher in the family whose member has already quit smoking. Accordingly, the concept of stop smoking can be delivered from individuals to their peers, family even the whole community. When the concept of quit smoking can be deeply installed in everyone’s thought, as a result the occurrence of smoking-related disease will be decrease. The World Health Assembly (2013) pointed out that if the tobacco cessation rate decrease 30%, it will decrease 200 million death related to smoking in 2050. In addition, secondhand smoke can also be decreased. As the result, the overall health of population in the world can be improved. Therefore a single persons behavior change can be a big contribution of the improvement of the global health. Conclusion Smoking is a common unhealthy behavior which will cause adverse effects not only to the individual but also the whole society. Therefore, it is important for nurses to use different approaches to encourage clients to quit smoking. Motivational intervention is a counseling technique which can increase the motivation of the client to take action to give up smoking. 5As is an evidence-based intervention that can help clients to quit smoking through increase willingness and provide essential support. In addition, using internet can increase the effeteness of health education delivery. The incident in this essay is at the contemplation of the stage of change models. Motivational intervention is a sustainable brief intervention for this case which can improve the health literacy and encourage him to stop smoking. The concepts of quitting smoking can delivery from individual to family, peers and community. Consequently, these approaches can improve the health literacy and result in increasi ng the tobacco cessation rate and improve the health status of global.

The Case of Billy Frank Vickers :: Essays Papers

The Case of Billy Frank Vickers According to the article, Prosecutors Doubt Inmate Confession True, by Angela K. Brown, Billy Frank Vickers, condemned inmate, received a lethal injection on Wednesday night January 28, 2004 for a 1993 murder after confessing that he was involved in about a dozen other crimes, including the shootings that placed a cloud of suspicion over Davis for three decades (Brown). Jack Strickland, a former prosecutor in the Davis case, said he had never heard of Vickers and that his claims were a last-ditch attempt to get attention and monkey around with the system. Now the question arises of whether lethal injection was the best option for punishing Billy Frank Vickers, not because he is innocent, but because of the question of whether it is humane to take away someone’s life by inserting chemicals into his or her body that may cause more pain than can ever be imagined. I personally believe that there is no justifiable reason to give someone the death penalty as a form of punishment. In the minds of the American public and jurors in capital cases the perception of lethal injection is of a clean, clinical, and painless end. As stated in the article, Lethal Injection, seventy-one percent of those responding to a 2001 survey considered injection to be the least cruel form of execution (Lethal Injection). This perception is an advantage to the state because the public is much more willing to accept execution in this form and jurors are more willing to convict and pass the death sentence. At times it is understood why the death penalty would be considered in cases. Maybe the people are a threat to not only society but also to themselves, and need to be put to death so they can do no harm to anyone. Vickers gunned down a grocery store owner who was probably trying to make a living for himself and his family. Now this man is gone; his family is left in agony, and maybe Vickers deserves to die. Some people may say an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, but do two wrongs make a right? Some people may consider the death penalty as inhumane. As stated in the article, Naked City, by Rita Radostitz, Texas uses three chemicals in the lethal injection process: sodium thiopental (an extremely short-term anesthetic), pancuronium bromide (which paralyses the diaphragm and other muscles so the inmate is unable to move or speak, even if he is in pain), and potassium chloride (which stops the heart).

European colonization study Guide Essay

The Monroe doctrine was essentially intended to prevent the Western Hemisphere off-limits to European colonization. European powers would attempt to restore Spain’s former colonies, attempts would be viewed as a hostile act against the U. S Second Continental Congress intercolonial assembly that met in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775; all thirteen colonies were represented; still wanted to just get British acts repealed and wrote new appeals to British people and king, but raised money to create an army and navy Articles of Confederation Adopted in 1777 during the Revolutionary War, the Articles established the United States of America. The Articles granted limited powers to the central government, reserving most powers for the states. The result was a poorly defined national state that couldn’t govern the country’s finances or maintain stability. The Constitution replaced them in 1789 Battles of Lexington and Concord The battles of Lexington and Concord initiated the Revolutionary War between the American colonists and the British. British governor Thomas Gage sent troops to Concord to stop the colonists who were loading arms. The next day, on April 19, 1775, the first shots were fired in Lexington, starting the war. The battles resulted in a British retreat to Boston Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense in 1776; helped American public recognize the need to separate from the crown Lexington and Concord the first battle of the Revolutionary War in April 1775; twenty thousand musket-bearing â€Å"Minute Men† swarmed around Boston, thehre to coop up the outnumbered British Yorktown where Cornwallis was forced to surrender his entire force of seven thousand men on October 19, 1781 to Washington and de Grasse Saratoga where Burgoyne was forced to surrender his entire command on Octor 17, 1777 to American general Horatio Gates Treaty of Paris- 1783 treaty in which British formally recognized the independence of the United States; granted generous boundaries (Mississippi River to Great Lakes to Spanish Florida plus a share in the priceless fisheries on Newfoundland); Americans could no longer persecute Loyalists and had to restore their property to them; states vowed to put no lawful obstacles in the way of debt-collecting from British George Washington selected by the Second Continental Congress to head the improvised colonial army in Boston; had very little experience, but was of good character and was a Virginian (eased southern colonists minds about creating a big New England army); led the battle at Trenton Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776 based on Richard Henry Lee’s resolution; formally approved by Congress on July 4, 1776 Alexander Hamilton Hamilton emerged as a major political figure during the debate over the Constitution, as the outspoken leader of the Federalists and one of the authors of the Federalist Papers. Later, as secretary of treasury under Washington, Alexander Hamilton spearheaded the government’s Federalist initiatives, most notably through the creation of the Bank of the United States. Alien and Sedition Acts A series of laws that sought to restrict the activities of people who opposed Federalist policies (1798) Dorothea Dix Rights activist on behalf of mentally ill patients – created first wave of US mental asylums Federalists Led by Alexander Hamilton, the Federalists believed in a strong central government, loose interpretation, and encouraged commerce and manufacturing. They were staunch supporters of the Constitution during ratification and were a political force during the early years of the United States. The Federalist influence declined after the election of Republican Thomas Jefferson to the presidency and disappeared completely after the Hartford Convention. Indian removal act This act granted the president funds and authority to remove Native Americans (1830) The XYZ Affair Three French agents asked for over ten million dollars in tribute before they would begin diplomatic talks with America. When Americans heard the news, they were outraged. Adams decided to strengthen the Navy to show France that America was a force to be reckoned with Treaty of Ghent: Treaty that ended the War of 1812 and maintained prewar conditions Treaty of Guadalupe -HidalgoEnded Mexican War – US received Texas (with Rio Grande border) and other states – US paid Mexico $15 million dollars Treaty of Paris (1763):The 1763 Treaty of Paris ended the Seven Years War in Europe and the parallel French and Indian War in North America. Under the treaty, Britain won all of Canada and almost all of the modern United States east of the Mississippi. Virginia Plan The Virginia Plan was presented to the Constitutional Convention and proposed the creation of a bicameral legislature with representation in both houses proportional to population. The Virginia Plan favored the large states, which would have a much greater voice. In opposition, the small states proposed the New Jersey Plan. In the end, the two sides found common ground through the Connecticut Compromise. William Lloyd Garrison White Abolitionist – Early 1800s – ublished The Liberator The Jay Treaty Treaty in which Britain agreed to evacuate its posts on the US western frontier (1794) The Pinckney Treaty Treaty with Spain which opened trade and redefined Florida boundary (1795) Tariff of Abominations 1828 â⠂¬â€œ Also called Tariff of 1828, it raised the tariff on imported manufactured goods. The tariff protected the North but harmed the South; South said that the tariff was economically discriminatory and unconstitutional because it violated state’s rights. Missouri Compromise Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36? 0†² within the Louisiana Territory (1820) Henry Clay’s American System Plan for economic growth: establish a protective tariff, establish a national bank, and improve the country’s transporation system Embargo Act In response to impressment, this bill halted all foreign trade with disastrous economic consequences (1807) Articles of Confederation Adopted in 1777 during the Revolutionary War, the Articles established the United States of America. The Articles granted limited powers to the central government, reserving most powers for the states. The resu lt was a poorly defined national state that couldn’t govern the country’s finances or maintain stability. The Constitution replaced them in 1789 Whigs The Whigs were originally colonists supporting independence. In the mid 1830s, the Whig Party opposed Jackson’s strong-armed leadership style and policies. The Whigs promoted protective tariffs, federal funding for internal improvements, and other measures that strengthened the central government. Reaching its height of popularity in the 1830s, the Whigs disappeared from the national political scene by the 1850s. The Whiskey Rebellion group of farmers refused to pay federal excise tax on whiskey, Washington responds decisively with troops (1794) John Locke believed all people have a right to life, liberty, and property; stated the government is â€Å"created by the people for the people† Sons of Liberty A radical political organization for colonial independence which formed in 1765 after the passage of the Stamp Act. They incited riots and burned the customs houses where the stamped British paper was kept. After the repeal of the Stamp Act, many of the local chapters formed the Committees of Correspondence which continued to promote opposition to British policies towards the colonies. The Sons leaders included Samuel Adams and Paul Revere. Crispus Attucks One of the first men to die in the Boston Massacre. 1770 Battle of Bunker Hill May 1775 Tiny American force under Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold surprised and captured the British garrisons at Ticonderoga and Crown Point in Upper New York. Gunpowder and artillary for the siege at Boston was obtained. June 1775 Colonists siezed Bunker Hill (Breed’s Hill). Americans numbering 1500 soldiers slaughtered the advancing redcoats. Colonists were short on gunpowder and were foced to abandon the hill. Daniel Shays led a rebellion because farmers were unable to pay in Continental Dollars and banks were foreclosing farms in Massachusetts. checks and balances created because of the bicameral legislature. A system that ensured that no particular branch of government gained too much power over another. It demonstrated the fear of absolute power in one group/individual as well as preventing one branch from overpowering the others. Constitutional Convention convenes to revise Articles of Confederation, suggested that a new Constitution be written. Land Ordinance of 1785 land in the northwest would be surveyed and then sold to help pay debt. Great Compromise aka the Connecticut Plan, combined the Large State Plan and the Small State Plan†¦ created the bicameral legislature (House of Representatives and Senate). Shay’s Rebellion 1786-1787 farmers couldn’t pay their debts with Continental Dollars, banks were foreclosing farms in Massachusetts, rebellion led by Daniel Shays†¦ articles need to be revised. Bank of the United States 1791, gives sense of unity, debt shouldered by federal government, place to keep money. 3/5 Compromise It was a compromise between the northern states with the southern ones that decided that although slaves were not citizens, each one would count as 3/5 of a man for representation. It got Southern states to ratify the constitution. Federalist Papers The papers were a collection of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison explaining how the new government/constitution would work. Their purpose was to convince the New York state legislature to ratify the constitution, which it did. Judiciary Act of 1789 established a Supreme Court and district courts (1789) Publius Elderly senator who witnesses the assassination; Brutus sends him out to tell the citizens that no one else will be harmed Bill Of Rights Although the Anti-Federalists failed to block the ratification of the Constitution, they did ensure that the Bill of Rights would be created to protect individuals from government interference and possible tyranny. The Bill of Rights, drafted by a group led by James Madison, consisted of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guaranteed the civil rights of American citizens. Marbury v. Madison(1803) Marbury was a midnight appointee of the Adams administration and sued Madison for commission. Chief Justice Marshall said the law that gave the courts the power to rule over this issue was unconstitutional. established judicial review Thomas Jefferson A prominent statesman, Thomas Jefferson became George Washington’s first secretary of state. Along with James Madison, Jefferson took up the cause of strict constructionists and the Republican Party, advocating limited federal government. As the nation’s third president from 1801 to 1809, Jefferson organized the national government by Thomas Jefferson Republican ideals, doubled the size of the nation, and struggled to maintain American neutrality War of 1812 Resulted from Britain’s support of Indian hostilities along the frontier, interference with American trade, and impressments of American sailors into the British army (1812 – 1815) The Louisiana Purchase U. S. acquisition of the Louisiana territory from France in 1803 for $15 million. The purchase secured American control of the Mississippi river and doubled the size of the nation. The Lewis and Clark Expidition Overland expedition to the Pacific coast lead by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. Commissioned by President Jefferson, the expedition of the far west brought back a wealth of scientific data about the country and its resources. 804-1806 War Hawks Congressional leaders who in 1811/1812 called for war against Britain to respect Americ a’s maritime rights. Samuel Slater Father of the Factory System in America. Skelled British mechanic of 21 who was attracted by bounties being offered to British workers familiar with the textile machines. Industrial Revolution The period where western expansion and urbanization happened in America distinguished by factories, new inventors improved transportation, communication and production. â€Å"Lowell System† Developed in the textile mills of Lowell, Massachusetts, in the 1820s, in these factories as much machinery as possible was used, so that few skilled workers were needed in the process, nd the workers were almost all single young farm women, who worked for a few years and then returned home to be housewives. DeWitt Clinton Governor whose grand project was the Erie Canal which linked the Great Lakes to the Hudson River. John Quincy Adams Secretary of State, He served as sixth president under Monroe. In 1819, he drew up the Adams-Onis Treaty in which Spain gave the United States Florida in exchange for the United States dropping its claims to Texas. The Monroe Doctrine was mostly Adams’ work. Abolitionism The militant effort to do away with slavery. It had its roots in the North in the 1700s. It became a major issue in the 1830s and dominated politics after 1840. Congress became a battleground between pro and anti-slavery forces from the 1830s to the Civil War. John C. Calhoun Part of the â€Å"immortal trio†; â€Å"Great Nullifer, proposed to leave slavery alone, return runaway slaves, give the south its right as a minority view that presidents elected, one from south and one from north. † Frederick Douglas Self-educated slave who escaped in 1838, Douglas became the best-known abolitionist speaker. He edited an anti-slavery weekly, the North Star. Grimke Sisters Angelina and Sarah Grimke wrote and lectured vigorously on reform causes such as prison reform, the temperance movement, and the abolitionist movement. Horace Mann Brilliant and idealistic graduate of Brown University. Secretary of Massachusettes Board of Education, campaigned effectively for more and better school houses, longer school terms, higher pay for teachers, and an expanded curriculum. Elizabeth Cady Stanton Mother of seven who had insisted on leaving â€Å"obey† out of her marriage ceremony, shocked fellow feminists by going so far as to advocate suffrage for women. Women’s Rights Convention Convention for women advocates at Seneca Falls to rewrite the Declaration of Independence to include women. â€Å"All men and women are created equal† -Declaration of Sentiments Declaration of Sentiments Revision of the Declaration of Independence to include women and men (equal). It was the grand basis of attaining civil, social, political, and religious rights for women. Susan B. Anthony Militant lecturer for women’s rights who fearlessly exposed herself to rotten garbage and vulgar epithets. Transcendentalism Belief in which each person has direct communication with God and Nature, and there is no need for organized churches. It incorporated the ideas that mind goes beyond matter, intuition is valuable, that each soul is part of the Great Spirit, and each person is part of a reality where only the invisible is truly real. Promoted individualism, self-reliance, and freedom from social constraints, and emphasized emotions. Ralph Waldo Emerson Leading transcendentalist, emphasizing freedom and self-reliance, spoke and wrote many works on the behalf of the abolitionists. Henry David Thoreau Transcendentalist and friend of Emerson who lived alone on Walden Pond with only $8 a year from 1845-1847 and wrote about it in Walden. On Civil Disobedience, he inspired social and political reformers because he had refused to pay a poll tax in protest of slavery and the Mexican-American War, and spent a night in jail. Extreme individualist and advised people to protest by not obeying laws (passive resistance). Margaret Fuller Social reformer, leader in women’s movement and a transcendentalist. Edited â€Å"The Dial† which was the publication of the transcendentalists. It appealed to people who wanted â€Å"perfect freedom† â€Å"progress in philosophy and theology and hope that the future will not always be as the past†. Alamo- Spanish mission converted into a fort, it was besieged by Mexican troops in 1836. The Texas garrison held out for thirteen days, but in the final battle, all of the Texans were killed by the larger Mexican force. San Jacinto- surprise attack by Texas forces on Santa Ana’s camp on April 21, 1836. Santa Ana’s men were surprised and overrun in twenty minutes. Santa Ana was taken prisoner and signed an armistice securing Texas independence. Mexico 1500 dead 1000 captured Texans 4 dead.